这篇文章是我翻译的，不是我写的。
首款 100% 有效的艾滋病预防药物获批并走向全球
The first 100% effective HIV prevention drug is approved and going global
An epidemic that's been sustained for 44 years might finally be quelled, with the milestone approval of the first HIV drug that offers 100% protection with its twice-yearly injections. It's a landmark achievement that stands to save millions of lives across the globe. The makers are also providing affordable access to the drug in the US and beyond, signing royalty-free licensing agreements with six generic manufacturers to produce and supply it.
这场持续了 44 年的流行病终于可能迎来终结的曙光——首款通过每年仅注射两次即可提供 100% 保护的艾滋病预防药物获得了里程碑式的批准。这是一个具有历史意义的成就，可能会拯救全球数百万人的生命。该药物制造商还在美国及其他国家提供可负担的获取途径，并与六家仿制药制造商签署免版税授权协议，以实现生产和供应。
In the US, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the novel lenacapavir – sold under the brand name Yeztugo – a class of drugs known as capsid inhibitors, which provide almost 100% protection against HIV infection, which currently affects 1.3 million people every year.
在美国，食品药品监督管理局（ FDA ）已批准一种名为勒那卡帕韦（ lenacapavir ）的新型药物，该药以商品名“Yeztugo”销售，属于“衣壳抑制剂”类别。这种药物几乎可以提供 100% 的预防效果，而目前每年仍有约 130 万人感染艾滋病毒。
In 2024, the journal Science named lenacapavir the Breakthrough Invention of the Year, and we've extensively covered it on its way to market. The pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) provides HIV-negative individuals around 99% protection from contracting the devastating virus through sex.
2024 年，《科学》杂志将勒那卡帕韦评为“年度突破性发明”，我们也一直在报道其上市进展。这款暴露前预防药物（ PrEP ）为未感染艾滋病毒的人提供约 99% 的性传播预防保护。
As we detailed last year, lenacapavir is a capsid inhibitor. In the HIV type 1 (HIV-1) virus, the capsid is a protein shell that houses and protects viral genetic material and is crucial for transporting the virus into a host cell. Once inside the host cell, the capsid is shed, and the virus begins copying itself. Lenacapavir stops that from happening.
正如我们去年详细介绍的，勒那卡帕韦是一种衣壳抑制剂。在 HIV-1 病毒中，衣壳是包裹并保护病毒遗传物质的蛋白质外壳，负责将病毒传送到宿主细胞中。一旦病毒进入宿主细胞，衣壳就会被去除，病毒随即开始复制。勒那卡帕韦能够阻断这一过程。
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